Machu Picchu Hiking: Top Outdoor Adventures Awaiting You

Before your hiking trip in Machu Picchu it is advisable that you acclimatize to the altitude in Cuzco. Plan your trip with one or extra days for acclimatization.

Inca traces

In your hiking trip in Machu Picchu you will understand the level of evolution of the Incas, who built this citadel in a way that even today the engineering cannot explain. In each step, you will see the hands of a people who resist, but whose ancestors have left an indelible mark.

Cuzco

The starting point to Machu Picchu is Cuzco, an amazing city, full of culture, history and gentle people. From Cuzco to the base of Machu Picchu, Aguas Calientes, there is a little more than 200 km of distance. The journey can be done in many ways, ask your guide which is the most suitable for you.

Incas' Sacred Valley

Feel the energy of this valley, full of Inca ruins, native villages, craft markets and snowy mountains that are slowly disappearing and transforming the landscape into pure Amazon rainforest. If you go to Machu Picchu from Cuzco, you will go through one of the best sections of the Sacred Valley.

During the dry season, from April to December.

Peruvian Sun

The four-day trek begins with transportation from Cusco to the starting point of the Inca Trail, typically at Kilometer 82. From there, hikers begin a gradual ascent toward Wayllabamba or a nearby campsite. This first day allows participants to adjust to the altitude while enjoying scenic views of the Andes. The day concludes with camping at the designated site.

On the second day, the trail becomes more challenging with a steep climb to Warmiwañusca, also known as Dead Woman's Pass—the highest point of the journey. After reaching the summit and taking in the breathtaking views, hikers descend into the Pacaymayu Valley or a similar location for the second night of camping, surrounded by cloud forest landscapes.

The third day leads through more cloud forest terrain as the trail descends into warmer, more humid environments. Along the way, hikers encounter smaller Inca ruins and have the option to explore the archaeological site of Wiñay Wayna, meaning “Forever Young” or “Happy Place.” The group camps nearby for the final night on the trail.

The final day starts before dawn with a hike to Inti Punku, the Sun Gate, where the first rays of light illuminate Machu Picchu. After witnessing this unforgettable view, hikers descend to the ancient citadel for a full exploration of the site. The trek concludes with a descent to Aguas Calientes, followed by a train ride to Ollantaytambo and ground transportation back to Cusco.

The first day of the Inca Trail is the easiest, as the terrain is relatively flat. The trail reaches its highest elevation at 13,828 feet (4,200 meters) above sea level. Overall, the elevation changes throughout the trek. The second day is considered the most challenging, starting at an altitude of 10,000 feet (3,000 meters) and involving a steep ascent. On the third day, which covers 16 kilometers, and the fourth day, spanning 6 kilometers, the trail gradually descends toward Machu Picchu, which sits at 2,430 meters above sea level.

Due to its immense popularity, planning a trek on the Inca Trail requires significant advance preparation. Access is limited to 500 people per day, with only 200 permits available for trekkers—the remaining 300 are allocated to guides, porters, and support staff. During peak season (May to August), it’s highly recommended to secure your permit at least five to six months in advance, as spots tend to sell out quickly. Without early planning, you risk missing out on this once-in-a-lifetime experience.

This trail is not ideal for last-minute planners. Once issued, permits are non-refundable and non-transferable, meaning any booking errors or unexpected changes could force you to postpone your trek entirely.

To visit Machu Picchu, travelers must secure an advance-purchased entrance ticket, carry a valid form of identification (such as a passport or national ID), and be accompanied by a licensed tour guide. For those hiking the Inca Trail, an additional special permit is mandatory, which must be arranged through an authorized tour operator, and is both non-transferable and non-refundable.

Entrance Ticket:

Entry tickets must be purchased ahead of time, either online via the official Machu Picchu website or from authorized vendors. Tickets are time- and circuit-specific, so be sure to choose carefully when booking.

Identification Document:

A valid passport or officially recognized ID is required at the entrance. The document must match the details provided when the ticket was booked.

Licensed Tour Guide:

All visitors must be accompanied by a certified tour guide, who will enrich the visit with historical and cultural insights.

Inca Trail Permit:

Hikers planning to take the Inca Trail must obtain a special trekking permit through a licensed operator. These permits are tied to a specific passport, and once issued, cannot be transferred or refunded.

Additional Travel Documents:

Depending on your nationality, you may also be required to obtain a tourist visa or additional travel permits to enter Peru.

Trekking to Machu Picchu is no casual stroll — it demands both physical endurance and mental resilience to navigate the diverse terrain and changing weather of the Peruvian Andes. The high altitude alone can be a major hurdle, especially for those who haven't taken time to properly acclimatize.

That said, the Inca Trail is generally considered the less demanding of the two main routes. Well-trodden and frequented by groups of hikers, this four-day journey covers approximately 26 miles (42 kilometers). Trekkers hike 6 to 9 hours daily, reaching an elevation of 4,200 meters at the challenging Dead Woman’s Pass.

In contrast, the Salkantay Trek is significantly more strenuous, spanning about 46 miles (74 kilometers) over five days. This path ascends to heights of over 4,500 meters, featuring steeper, rougher, and colder conditions than the Inca Trail. Its rugged terrain and remote atmosphere require a higher level of fitness and stamina. While demanding, this trek offers a rewarding adventure for experienced hikers ready to embrace the challenge.

Preparing for a hike to Machu Picchu means being ready for varying weather conditions, high altitudes, and long days on foot. You’ll need comfortable, functional clothing, reliable gear, and a few key personal essentials to ensure a safe and enjoyable trek.

Clothing Essentials:

Layered Clothing: Bring moisture-wicking base layers, warm mid-layers like fleece or down, and a waterproof/windproof outer shell to adapt to changing conditions.

Hiking Pants: Choose breathable or convertible pants that can double as shorts when it gets warm.

Socks: Pack hiking socks (wool or synthetic) and thermal socks to keep feet dry and warm.

Hats: A wide-brimmed hat for sun protection and a warm beanie for cooler nights.

Long-Sleeved Shirts: Lightweight, breathable long sleeves will help protect against sun exposure and insects.

Hiking Boots: Durable, waterproof boots with a good grip are essential for rough terrain.

Gear and Trail Essentials:

Backpack: A 30–50-liter backpack will suffice for multi-day treks like the Inca Trail.

Trekking Poles: Useful for stability and knee support on steep or uneven sections.

Sun Protection: Don’t forget sunscreen, UV-protection sunglasses, and your sun hat.

Hydration: A water bottle is a must.

Insect Repellent: Protect yourself from bugs, especially in lower elevation jungle zones.

First Aid Kit: Include items like adhesive bandages, antiseptic wipes, blister care, and basic pain relief.

Cash: Carry some Peruvian soles (PEN) for tips, small purchases, or emergencies.

Snacks: High-energy snacks like granola bars, nuts, or dried fruit will help fuel your hike.

To ensure a safe and enjoyable trek to Machu Picchu, it’s essential to prepare both physically and mentally. The high altitude, rugged terrain, and varying weather conditions require thoughtful planning. From acclimatizing before your hike to choosing the right gear, here’s how to stay safe on the trail:

There are several hiking routes that lead to Machu Picchu, each offering its own unique perspective and adventure. The most well-known and accessible include the Inca Trail, Salkantay Trek, and Lares Trek, though alternative options like the Choquequirao and Ausangate treks are also available for those seeking a different challenge.

Inca Trail Options

Classic Inca Trail: The most iconic route, celebrated for its rich historical value and dramatic entrance to Machu Picchu through the Sun Gate.

Short Inca Trail: A condensed version of the classic route, ideal for those who want the Inca Trail experience without the full multi-day commitment.

Salkantay/Inca Combo: A hybrid trek that begins on the scenic Salkantay route and finishes with a section of the Inca Trail, offering a blend of nature and archaeology.

Salkantay Trek: Known for its striking landscapes and close-up views of Nevado Salkantay, this trek is physically demanding but deeply rewarding. Less crowded than the Inca Trail, it provides a more remote and rugged wilderness experience.

Lares Trek: A gentler route that emphasizes cultural immersion, taking you through traditional Andean villages and offering meaningful interactions with local communities.

Porters play an essential role in hiking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, helping make the trek more manageable and enjoyable for travelers.

Porters carry heavy gear like tents, food, and personal items, allowing hikers to trek with lighter loads. They set up camps ahead of time, assist with cooking and cleaning, and help maintain the campsite for a smooth experience. Porters guide hikers safely along the trail, protect the environment by managing waste, and share their local knowledge.